Main means of travel to work

Main means of travel to work indicates how employed people aged 15 years and over travelled to work on census day. This provides valuable data on transport patterns and trends, including patterns and trends for small areas. We are considering whether this data should be changed to the usual means of travel.
Data on travel on census day indicates traffic volumes on a particular day, although only for that part of the traffic that was due to people travelling to work. It shows the actual numbers of who drove, cycled, took the bus, or walked that day. However, if respondents filled in their census forms early, it is likely that they indicated their usual means of travel. This may not have been the same as what they used on census day. Data on means of travel on census day can be affected by the weather or particular events occurring that day and does not provide any information on the transport modes used by people who did not go to work that day.
Data on the usual means of travel would indicate the total numbers of people who usually use a certain transport mode for this purpose. It would include people who did not go to work on census day and would not be affected by the weather or any events occurring on census day. However, a disadvantage of changing to usual means is that the data would be less comparable with previous census data, making it more difficult to measure changes over time.
Our current recommendations relating to main means of travel to work
- We recommend that main means of travel to work be included in the 2018 Census.
- We welcome feedback on which type of travel to work data is more relevant and useful to collect – means of travel on census day or usual means of travel.
See our preliminary view of 2018 Census content for a more detailed discussion on main means of travel to work information.
See 2013 Census information by variable for information on the main means of travel to work variable.
Greg Nikoloff Thu 30 Apr 2015 3:19AM
I would change the question to "Usual" method. And add a question about whether they travelled for work this way on Census day.
This would then allow a direct comparison of prior census responses by only selecting answers where the "I travelled for work on Census Day" is answered. While still capturing the "usual" travel to work answers.
John Forne Thu 30 Apr 2015 4:56AM
Hi Richard and Greg.
Welcome and thanks starting the conversation...
Robert McCallum Fri 1 May 2015 9:13AM
Think this should be normal method of travel and be able to select more than one mode, for example bus and train or walk, ferry,bus. It is nearly impossible to go anywhere in Auckland by only one form of transport.
Guy Marriage Sun 3 May 2015 1:59AM
Can we widen the range of possible answers to include more means of travel? For instance, a lot of students will skateboard to work (university) and it is a quite accepted means of travel. So is scooter, for people who perhaps might be thought of as a little too old for that. For bicycle, we should open up the field to include e-bikes, because it is a rapidly growing segment of the market - and this transport market could change quite rapidly. Likewise for cars, we may want to give options on the type of car ie petrol, diesel, electric, or hybrid. Why not? Make the data usefull for us all! Certainly give the option for picking more than one method - again, in Wellington, there is a reasonable number of people who will carry a fold-up bike on the train, and ride it to work from the train station. It's quite possibly their third means of transport that day - if they drove to the station in the first place.

Jonathan Godfrey Sun 3 May 2015 10:25AM
Noting the existing responses, would there be value in having a preliminary question that seeks out information on what influences one's decision as to the mode of transport used?
Another possible modification would be to have people rank the modes, 1 for the most commonly used, 2 for the next etc with ones left blank deemed to mean that the respondent does not use that mode at all.
Richard Paling Tue 5 May 2015 3:40AM
I think it would be useful if we could add something on the timing of the journey to work or education. This would be generally very useful as it would give some insights into when travel demands arise and would be particularly useful for educational trips which may be more dispersed through the day. To keep it simple I would suggest that all that is asked is when the journey starts.
Richard Paling Tue 5 May 2015 3:43AM
I also like Guy's idea of identifying multiple modes and also think it might be useful if ferry was separated out from "other" - showing my Auckland bias!!
John Forne Tue 5 May 2015 11:06AM
Thanks for the ideas.
Picking up some of the points that have been raised.
Jonathan, I suggest you refer/participate in the discussion around Main means of travel to education and educational institution address, which touches on the idea of broadening the question about why a person is traveling.
Re the suggestions about whether we can better capture multi mode travel and more detail about the type of vehicle... these are all good. Keep the ideas coming in. What do other's think?
Greg Nikoloff Tue 5 May 2015 11:56PM
If capturing multi-mode journeys - which in Auckland by the next Census will be quite common with the changes to allow integrated ticketing so you can catch a bus, train and another bus and pay 1 fare. Yet you've used 3 modes.
Even asking "main" mode alone is fraught with issue - "main" is decided by the longest time spent on that mode? the most distance covered? the most expensive? The one you prefer?
I think we need some science in all this to be able to get relevant and comparable information back out from the questions asked.
And just ticking each mode you used from a list is ok, but what if I catch two buses and 1 train to get to work (which is how and others I'd know would use Public Transport in Auckland)? Or what if I cycle to the train station, catch the train, then walk at the other end?
How can we capture that information reliably and easily?
Do we then ask the user to rank each mode used for percentage of journey mode used for or treat all modes the same so assume that a 2 bus, 1 train journey is split evenly 1/3rd on bus 1, 1/3rd on train, 1/3rd on bus 2 even though buses may only cover 5km of a total 20km journey and I sped 50% of the time on the buses and the other 50% on the train?
Richard Law · Thu 30 Apr 2015 1:23AM
It is already difficult to do that, given how weather can affect modes. "Usual" is a good idea, but some people may have difficulty with the concept of usual. For me, I choose pretty randomly between walking and cycling. I would find it difficult to nominate one of those as my "usual" mode. At my previous address, I picked daily between bus and train depending on weather and motorway congestion (and my return mode did not always mirror my morning mode).
I also think it'd be valuable to have a question that asked about multiple modes (if applicable) for census day. For instance, the number of people who walk + train can then be distinguished from those who drive + train.